FQ 1 Choose 3 different specialised cells and give detailed information on their structure and function.
Nerve Cell
Nerve cells or Neurones are specially designed to send messages around the body. The human body contains around 100 billion neurones, the 2 directions in which the messages travel from the nerve cells are Motor and Sensory.
Motor neurones send messages from the receptors back to the Central Nervous System (CNS) these receptors include eyes, skin and mouth.
Sensory Neurones send messages away from the CNS to the muscles and glands.
Nerve cells or Neurones are specially designed to send messages around the body. The human body contains around 100 billion neurones, the 2 directions in which the messages travel from the nerve cells are Motor and Sensory.
Motor neurones send messages from the receptors back to the Central Nervous System (CNS) these receptors include eyes, skin and mouth.
Sensory Neurones send messages away from the CNS to the muscles and glands.
The Nerve cell has a few different parts than a regular plant or cell structure. These include dendrites and axons, The dendrites are the branches closest to the cell body they take information to the cell body, they also have a rough surface. Axons take information away from the cell body they are smooth and the branches are furthest away from the cell body.
Bone Cell
"Bone is a material that has the same strength as cast iron, but achieves this while remaining as light as wood."
Bone provides structural support for vital organs such as the heart and lungs. The bones protect your body's organs and provide your body with strength and support.
Without bones your body would not have the ability to do anything including stand up, walk and run. Bones also provide spaces for muscles to attach to and function properly.
The two major types of bone are Trabecular and Cortical,
The trabecular bone is the spongy looking part which makes up the inside of the bone whilst cortical bone is the hard shell on the outside of the bone.
"Bone is a material that has the same strength as cast iron, but achieves this while remaining as light as wood."
Bone provides structural support for vital organs such as the heart and lungs. The bones protect your body's organs and provide your body with strength and support.
Without bones your body would not have the ability to do anything including stand up, walk and run. Bones also provide spaces for muscles to attach to and function properly.
The two major types of bone are Trabecular and Cortical,
The trabecular bone is the spongy looking part which makes up the inside of the bone whilst cortical bone is the hard shell on the outside of the bone.
Fat Cell (Adipose Tissue)
Adipose tissue or fat cells form a thick layer underneath the skins surface, the main places these cells are located include the padding around joints, around the kidneys and heart.
These tissues provide insulation which protects heat escaping the skin. The fat cells also protect vital organs and are a storage place for energy.
These tissues are loosely connected fibrous tissues packed with many smaller fat cells.
Adipose tissue or fat cells form a thick layer underneath the skins surface, the main places these cells are located include the padding around joints, around the kidneys and heart.
These tissues provide insulation which protects heat escaping the skin. The fat cells also protect vital organs and are a storage place for energy.
These tissues are loosely connected fibrous tissues packed with many smaller fat cells.
FQ 2 how can cells communicate with eachother?
Cells communicate by sending and receiving signals. The 2 main types of communication are hormone and nerve signalling.
Endocrine Signalling
When messages need to be sent a long way they will be sent by the endocrine system this uses hormones in the blood to transfer messages. They key organs uses in sending messages through the endocrine system are glands such as, thyroid gland, pituitary gland and the thymus.
All of these glands are located in different parts of the body and are responsible for the production or hormones, When your body wants to send a gland a message the Pituitary gland will release a chemical signal which will travel through the blood to its required gland to make that message happen.
Nerve Signalling
Nerve signals travel much faster than endocrine signally, they are almost instant reactions. When you touch a hot pan the receptors in your fingers detect the change in temperature, they then send a message to your brain which sends a message to the muscles in your hand to quickly move your hand away from the hot surface. These receptors were designed in our bodies to help keep us safe and protect us from danger.
Endocrine Signalling
When messages need to be sent a long way they will be sent by the endocrine system this uses hormones in the blood to transfer messages. They key organs uses in sending messages through the endocrine system are glands such as, thyroid gland, pituitary gland and the thymus.
All of these glands are located in different parts of the body and are responsible for the production or hormones, When your body wants to send a gland a message the Pituitary gland will release a chemical signal which will travel through the blood to its required gland to make that message happen.
Nerve Signalling
Nerve signals travel much faster than endocrine signally, they are almost instant reactions. When you touch a hot pan the receptors in your fingers detect the change in temperature, they then send a message to your brain which sends a message to the muscles in your hand to quickly move your hand away from the hot surface. These receptors were designed in our bodies to help keep us safe and protect us from danger.
FQ 3 what are advantages are disadvantages of cell specialisation
Advantages
The cells can perform tasks very well and efficiently
Disadvantages
The cell is incapable of living alone
p.s found this question really difficult to find simple answers to that were easy to understand.
Bibliography
https://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/cells.html
http://depts.washington.edu/bonebio/ASBMRed/structure.html
http://www.ivy-rose.co.uk/HumanBody/Tissue/Tissue_Adipose-Tissue.php
http://www.fastbleep.com/biology-notes/31/174/997
http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Nervous_system
The cells can perform tasks very well and efficiently
Disadvantages
The cell is incapable of living alone
p.s found this question really difficult to find simple answers to that were easy to understand.
Bibliography
https://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/cells.html
http://depts.washington.edu/bonebio/ASBMRed/structure.html
http://www.ivy-rose.co.uk/HumanBody/Tissue/Tissue_Adipose-Tissue.php
http://www.fastbleep.com/biology-notes/31/174/997
http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Nervous_system